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Filed

整理存档(filed the documents);正式提交(filed a tax return 报税、filed a complaint 提出投诉);法律 filed a lawsuit 提起诉讼。

  1. “She filed the receipts under ‘Travel’ in the shared drive.” (她把收据在共享盘里归档到“差旅”文件夹。)
  2. “The company filed for bankruptcy protection in March.” (该公司三月申请了破产保护。)
  3. “He filed a complaint with customer service about the delay.” (他就延误向客服提交了投诉。)

古法语 fil(线、行列),文件按“一行行”排列引申为 file;动词 file 与名词 file 同形。

file + -ed;相关 filing(归档材料)、filer(申报人/锉刀,需看语境)。

法律与财经报道高频 filed charges、filed SEC documents;办公 filed away 表示收好。 nail file 的 file 为另一同源名词“锉”。

  • 固定搭配: “filed a lawsuit” (起诉), “filed taxes” (报税), “filed away” (收档放好)
  • 名词: file, filing

file 是“文件夹”,filed 是“已经放进文件夹/已经交上去了”。

“Investors filed questions after the earnings call revealed lower margins.” (财报电话会披露利润率下降后,投资者提交了问题。)