Grate
“Grate” 既可以用作名词,也可以用作动词。
- 名词 (Noun):
- 炉栅,炉格(a metal frame for holding fuel in a fireplace)。
- 格子,栅栏。
- 动词 (Verb):
- 磨碎,碾碎(食物,如奶酪)。
- 发出刺耳的摩擦声(to make a harsh, rasping sound)。
- 使人烦恼,使人厌烦(to annoy or irritate someone)。
- “Could you grate some cheese over the pasta?” (你能往意面上磨点奶酪吗?)
- “The sound of his voice really grates on my nerves.” (他的声音真让我的神经受不了/非常刺耳。)
- “He placed some logs onto the iron grate.” (他在铁炉格上放了几根木柴。)
源自古法语 “grater”,意为“刮、擦”。最终追溯至日耳曼语源,与 “scratch” 同源。
“Grate” 是一个单音节词根。
在烹饪中,“grater”(磨碎器)是厨房必备工具。在社交语境中,“grate on someone” 是常用短语,形容某人的某种特质(如声音、态度)像砂纸一样不断摩擦、消耗他人的耐心。
- 名词: “grater” (磨碎器)
- 过去式: “grated”
- 形容词: “grating” (刺耳的,恼人的)
联想 “great”。虽然发音相同,但含义完全不同。想象一个“伟大”(great)的厨师在炉栅(grate)旁磨碎(grate)奶酪。
“As the cold wind blew outside, we gathered around the fire, watching the logs burn slowly on the grate. My sister was busy in the kitchen, grating fresh carrots for a cake. The scratching sound of the grater was rhythmic, unlike the grating voice of our neighbor, who was arguing loudly next door.” (当外面寒风吹过时,我们聚集在火炉旁,看着木柴在炉栅上缓缓燃烧。我妹妹正在厨房里忙着磨新鲜胡萝卜做蛋糕。磨碎器的摩擦声很有节奏,不像我们邻居那刺耳的嗓门,他正在隔壁大声争吵。)