Hated
“Hated” 是 hate 的过去式与过去分词。表示 强烈厌恶；作形容词 a hated rule 指 人人讨厌的规定。语气比 dislike 强得多。
- “She hated waking up before sunrise.” (她讨厌日出前起床。)
- “The hated tax was finally removed.” (那项遭人痛恨的税终于被取消了。)
- “They hated how long the queue took.” (他们讨厌排队排了那么久。)
hate 来自古英语 hatian，与德语 Hass 同源族，表强烈敌意。
hate + -d 规则过去式/过去分词；名词 hatred 为相关形式。
口语 I hated it 极常见；作定语 hated rival 多见于体育与政治报道，语气强烈。
- 固定搭配: “hated rival” (死敌), “universally hated” (人人厌恶), “hated chore” (讨厌的杂务)
hate 加 -d → 恨意已经 “落定” 在过去或状态里 = hated。
“He hated the hated homework routine, so he asked his teacher for one small change on Fridays.” (他讨厌那套人人头疼的作业流程，于是请老师周五稍作调整。)