Judgment
“Judgment”(英式亦写 judgement)是名词,指根据事实或标准形成看法的能力(good judgment),也指法庭的“判决”,或对他人的“评价、指责”(pass judgment)。在法律与日常英语中都很常见。
- “The court will announce its judgment next week.” (法院将于下周宣布判决。)
- “Trust your judgment when the data is incomplete.” (数据不全时,要相信自己的判断。)
- “He apologized for passing judgment without hearing her side.” (他为未听完她的说法就妄加评判而道歉。)
来自古法语 jugement,核心词根为拉丁语 judex(法官)与 judicare(审判、判断)。
“judgment” = “judge” + 名词后缀 “-ment”,表示行为或结果。
英美法律体系中 judgment 可指终局判决;日常口语里 reserve judgment 表示“暂不表态”。该词也常出现在心理与领导力讨论中(decision-making, sound judgment)。
- 固定搭配: “value judgment” (价值判断), “against my better judgment” (违背理智/明知不该), “day of judgment” (审判日——宗教隐喻)。
从 judge(法官/判断)出发,-ment 把动作变成名词“判断的结果”。
“After reviewing the evidence, the judge delivered a judgment that surprised both lawyers.” (法官审阅证据后作出的判决让双方律师都感到意外。)