Privatization
“Privatization”描述政府出售资产、外包公共服务或放松国有控制的改革路径;讨论中常涉及效率、公平与监管等议题。
- “The privatization of the railways sparked fierce political debate.” (铁路私有化引发了激烈的政治争论。)
- “Economists disagree about whether privatization always lowers costs.” (经济学家对私有化是否总能降低成本看法不一。)
- “The city announced the gradual privatization of water services.” (该市宣布将逐步推进供水服务的私有化。)
来自拉丁语 privatus(私人的),经 private 与动词 privatize 名词化为 privatization。
Privat(e) + -ize(动词化)+ -ation(名词化过程),同类结构如 modernization、globalization。
常见于经济新闻与政策报告;不同国家对私有化的态度差异很大,词本身中性,褒贬取决于论述立场。
- 固定搭配: “mass privatization” (大规模私有化), “privatization program” (私有化计划)
Private(私人)变成动词“私人化”,再加 -ation 就是整套政策过程。
“Voters questioned whether privatization would improve service quality.” (选民质疑私有化是否真的能提高服务质量。)