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Ran

run 的不规则过去式,涵盖字面奔跑(ran home)与抽象运作:ran a business(经营公司)、program ran smoothly(程序顺利运行)、ran for office(竞选公职)。具体义由宾语与语境决定。

  1. “She ran five kilometers before breakfast.” (她早餐前跑了五公里。)
  2. “He ran a small café near the train station.” (他在火车站附近经营一家小咖啡馆。)
  3. “The experiment ran longer than anyone expected.” (实验运行的时间比任何人预想的都长。)

“run” 源自古英语 rinnan(流动、奔跑),属日耳曼语族强变化动词;过去式 ran 为音变不规则形式。

run 为不规则动词(run–ran–run),无 -ed 后缀;过去分词仍为 run(美式)或 run/runned 较少见,以 run 为主。

政治 “ran for mayor” 是选举常用表述;IT “script ran without errors” 指执行成功;日常 “ran late” 表示时间耽搁。

  • 固定搭配: “ran into” (偶遇;撞上), “ran out of” (用完), “ran away” (逃跑)

ran 短促有力,像脚步声突然过去:run 是现在在跑,ran 是“刚刚跑过去”的那一下。

“The children ran to the window when they heard the ice cream truck.” (听见冰淇淋车,孩子们跑到窗边。)